↑ Gustave Louis Maurice Strauss, Men who Have Made the New German Empire: A Series of Brief Biographic Sketches, Tập 2, trang 156
↑ William H. Davenport Adams, The Franco-Prussian War: Its Causes, Incidents and Consequences: with the Topography and History of the Rhine Valley by W. H. Davenport Adams, Tập 1, trang 321
↑ The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events of the Year..., Tập 10; Tập 1870, trang 350
↑ David Masson, Sir George Grove, John Morley, Mowbray Morris, Macmillan's Magazine, Tập 26, trang 23
